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What is a Credit Score?

 A credit score is a 3-digit numerical value depicting your creditworthiness. It ranges between 300 and 850 and summarises your credit report, history, and rating. Your credit/ Credit Information Bureau (India) Limited (Credit) score is calculated by Experian Credit Information Company of India Private Limited and available as online credit score.

Your Credit Score score primarily depends on factors like-

  • New debt

  • Credit or repayment history

  • Credit mix

  • Credit utilisation ratio

When you apply for a loan, your credit score acts as a marker of your credit discipline. The credit report helps the lender with your information summarising your credit accounts, amount of credit used, the amount owed, number of hard credit enquiries, credit tenures, and whether bills and loan instalments are timely paid.

The higher your Credit score, the better your chances of loan approval. Typically, a credit score over 750 is considered excellent by lending institutions.

How to Improve Your Credit Score?

If you don’t have a good credit score, you can bring your credit score up in a matter of months with disciplined credit and repayment behaviour. Check your online credit score and maintain a healthy credit score through-

  • Consistently pay your loan Equated Monthly Instalments (EMIs) and credit card bills on time. A credit report free of EMI defaults and late payments perks up your credit score.

  • Regularly check your online credit score for any discrepancies and understand your potential loan eligibility.

  • Your online credit score should have a healthy mix of unsecured and secured credit. Here, the lesser unsecured loans you have active, the better your credit score.

  • Your credit utilisation on your credit card must be 30%-35% or lower than your current credit limit. However, not using your card at all can also lower your credit score.

  • Before applying for a new loan, check your credit history online. Credit score can reduce if you service multiple loans simultaneously and apply for new credit as well.

How to Check Credit Score Online?

How to Check Credit Score Online?

  • As a new customer, to get online credit score, input your first name and last name, date of birth, gender, email ID, PAN number, mobile number, address, state, city, and pin code.

  • In the credit score check online process, confirm that all your details are correct. Click on ‘Submit’. Get your online credit score and credit report for free with Tata Capital.

How to Check Credit Score Online?

  • As an existing customer, find your credit score; check your report online as well by providing your registered mobile number. Use the OTP to check your online credit score.

What Adversely Affects Your Credit Score?

  • Delaying or defaulting credit card bill payments

    If you repeatedly miss your credit card bill payments, your credit score will take a hit. Delinquency in repaying credit card debt reflects badly on your credit report.

  • Higher number of unsecured loans

    Your credit report shouldn’t depict that you are servicing higher number of unsecured loans. Not having a balance between unsecured and secured credit will drop your credit score.

  • Several loan applications

    If you apply for multiple loans, your credit report presents you as credit hungry and someone carrying a substantial loan burden. It hurts your credit score.

  • Taking too many credit cards

    Taking too many credit cards will increase your credit utilisation ratio (CUR) and negatively display on your credit report. Here, the CUR directly affects your credit score since it indicates the amount you currently owe against your overall credit limit. High CUR lowers your credit score.

What Are The Benefits Of A Good Credit Score?

 A good credit score improves loan eligibility, loan approval chances and increases your likelihood of landing competitive loan terms. Check your online credit score for free with Tata Capital.

Let’s look at some benefits of credit score above 750.

Higher chances of approval

A high credit score reflects your creditworthiness and clean credit history to potential lenders. This credit score means lenders trust your ability to repay the loan amount. High online credit score results in quick approval, faster loan processing, and a speedy fund disbursal.

Better interest rates

High credit score benefits also include being able to negotiate better terms. A high online credit score can help you qualify for attractive loan interest rates, reducing your overall repayment amount.

Higher loan amount

Since a good credit score indicates dependable credit behaviour, you can bag a bigger loan amount at competitive interest rates.

Pre-approved loan offer

If you have a sound financial background, high credit score, and a disciplined credit report free of loan defaults, lenders can also pitch your pre-approved loan offers. Besides, since the lending institution performs a credit score check online and pre-approves you a loan amount, your online credit score will land attractive interest rates and flexible loan tenures.

Credit Score Range

 The credit score range in India starts from 300 and ends at 900. The closer your credit score is to 900, the higher your chances of getting your loan approved at attractive interest rates.

The credit score range is further divided into credit score categories of NA/NH, 350-549, 550-649, 650-749, 750-900.

Check your online credit score for free with Tata Capital.

Who computes the Credit Score?

The credit score is calculated by the credit bureaus in India. There are four types of credit bureaus - CIBIL TransUnion, Experian, Equifax, and CRIF High Mark. Lenders - banks, financial institutions, and non-banking financial companies (NBFC) - rely on the three-digit scores computed by these institutions to analyse the borrower’s creditworthiness.

The bureaus consider multiple factors while computing an individual’s credit report, and each criterion has its level of impact on your score. Here are some important factors:

  • Type of credit you use

  • Credit age

  • Payment history

  • Credit utilisation
     

The credit score usually ranges from 300 to 900, with 900 being the highest score. Generally, 750 is an ideal score to become eligible for a loan. With a higher score, you can avail of a higher loan amount, lower interest rates, and better loan terms. 

Why should I check my Credit Score?

Check your credit report to know your credit score and determine your current credit position. Various credit agencies compute your credit score based on your borrowing and liability history. If there are any inaccuracies or errors, they will negatively impact your credit score. Hence, regular monitoring will help improve your credit profile. 

What hurts your Credit Score?

Knowing what hurts your credit score is important to improving your overall credit report. Missing payment dues and accumulating unpaid debt over time can negatively impact your score. But do you know what hurts your credit score apart from missing payment deadlines?

Here are some other factors that can poorly impact your credit score:

  • Filing for bankruptcy without understanding how it affects your score.

  • Creditors charge off an account when they feel the debt is unlikely to be collected. Having the status of your account charged off because of irregular payments can affect your score negatively.

  • Ignoring your loan and credit card bills over a significant period.

  • Not making timely repayments to third-party debt collectors will bring your profile in poor light and also affect your score.

  • Frequently late credit card repayments.

  • Closing a credit card with an outstanding bill amount is similar to exhausting your credit limit. The credit limit drops to zero, affecting your score poorly.

  • Limiting yourself to only one credit card for a long period lowers your credit score. Hence, it is advisable to always maintain different loans or credit card debts and repay them consistently.
     

Failing to check your credit reports from time to time to fix any errors or inaccuracies can hurt your score. This is important because credit bureaus can sometimes make mistakes constructing credit reports. Hence, checking your score regularly will give you a good idea of your credit profile.

Credit Score Calculation

The credit bureaus calculate an individual’s credit score after considering factors like credit history, repayment behaviour, credit exposure, and credit type, among other factors. There are four credit bureaus in the country: TransUnion CIBIL, Experian, Equifax, and CRIF High Mark. These credit agencies are licensed by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).

The calculation of credit score by each credit bureau is different according to its criteria and method used. However, the following factors are commonly considered by all credit agencies:

Repayment History

The repayment history amounts to 35% of your credit score. Missing due payments frequently will hurt your score.

Credit Utilisation

The sanctioned debt amount contributes 30% to your score. Spending more than your salary or exhausting a credit card’s monthly limit can negatively impact your credit score.

Credit type and repayment duration

The type of loan you apply for affects 10% of your score. By applying for secured and non-secured loans, you can maintain a credit balance. Likewise, repayment contributes 15% to your score.

Credit enquiries

 Each time you apply for a loan, it reflects on your credit report. So taking multiple loans in short intervals can hurt your credit profile. Similarly, each rejection also reflects on your credit report. Hence, it is advised to apply for a loan only when you are sure of being able to repay it in a timely manner. 

What is the difference between credit score and credit report?

It is understood that when applying for a loan, lenders check your credit score and credit report. However, knowing what is the difference between credit score and credit report is essential.

Here’s a simple explanation if you are wondering - is credit score and credit report the same thing?

Credit score is a three-digit number provided by credit bureaus of the country. This qualifies you for loans, credit cards, mortgages, apartment rental, and more. A higher score will reflect a positive credit history. This will allow you to enjoy competitive interest rates and better bargaining power with a lender. Financial institutions use these scores to analyse the loans you qualify for, decide the interest rates, credit card limit, and more.

Credit report is a detailed statement of your credit history and your current financial situation, like your repayment history and the current status of your loan accounts. For instance, when you leave your credit account unattended or if repayments are not on schedule, it negatively impacts your credit reliability. Credit reports contain your personal information like - credit accounts, recent enquiries, loan rejections, account balance, payment history, and more.

Hence, the highlighting difference between credit score and credit report is that - a credit score defines your creditworthiness, whereas a credit report defines your credit reliability and spending behaviours. 

What are Credit Bureaus?

 A credit bureau is an agency creating credit scores by collecting and analysing credit data, including credit cards used, loans taken, overdraft facilities, etc., associated with people or business entities.

TransUnion CIBIL Limited

CIBIL is India’s first Credit Information Company (CIC). CIBIL bureau collates and maintains records of every individual’s repayment habits and credit behaviour for loans and credit cards. It then creates credit scores and Credit Information Reports (CIR). The CIBIL report and online Credit score help lenders make lending decisions.

Experian Credit Information Company of India Private Limited

Experian is a Dublin-based credit bureau using different methods to create a credit report. This credit score check online reveals an individual’s loan and credit history collated from India’s member banks and other financial establishments.

Equifax Credit Information Services Private Limited (ECIS)

One of the oldest credit bureaus in the US, Equifax offers credit scores and reports for individuals and businesses. It ties up with India’s financial institutions to create credit scores and credit reports.

CRIF High Mark

This credit bureau specialises in scoring, analytics, and credit management solutions. It makes credit reports with information from banks, NBFCs, Income Tax Department, etc. The online Credit score report from CRIF High Mark is available at a fee. 

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