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Tata Capital > Blog > Loan for Home > Conveyance Deed: Meaning, Types & Registration Process in India

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कन्वेयंस डीड: भारत में अर्थ, प्रकार और रजिस्ट्रेशन प्रोसेस

Conveyance Deed: Meaning, Types & Registration Process in India

आइए इसका सामना करते हैं: भारत में घर खरीदना कानूनी पेपरवर्क के अपने हिस्से के साथ आता है. ऑक्यूपेंसी सर्टिफिकेट से लेकर NOC तक, आपने चाबी प्राप्त करने से पहले पेपर की रीम-वर्थ पर हस्ताक्षर किए होंगे.

लेकिन कोई भी डॉक्यूमेंट कन्वेयंस डीड जितना महत्वपूर्ण नहीं है. यह कानूनी सर्टिफिकेट है जो आधिकारिक रूप से आपके नए घर को आपके नाम पर रखता है.

यह डीड कितना महत्वपूर्ण है, इस बात को ध्यान में रखते हुए खरीदारों को इसे प्राप्त करने के लिए आवश्यक प्रोसेस, डॉक्यूमेंटेशन और उचित परिश्रम को स्पष्ट रूप से समझना चाहिए.

आपकी मदद करने के लिए यहां एक विस्तृत गाइड दी गई है.

कन्वेयंस डीड क्या है?

आसान शब्दों में, यह एक कानूनी डॉक्यूमेंट है जो विक्रेता से खरीदार को स्वामित्व का ट्रांसफर स्थापित करता है.

यह प्रॉपर्टी का विवरण, पुराने और नए मालिकों के नाम, प्रॉपर्टी पर कोई मौजूदा भार या लियन और ट्रांज़ैक्शन राशि जैसे प्रमुख विवरण से भरा हुआ है.

इसे विक्रेता और आप दोनों द्वारा हस्ताक्षरित किया जाना चाहिए, फिर कम से कम दो गवाहों द्वारा सत्यापित किया जाना चाहिए. इसके पूरा होने के बाद, यह अंतिम रजिस्ट्रेशन के लिए स्थानीय रजिस्ट्रार के ऑफिस में चला जाता है.

With the conveyance deed meaning clear, let’s move on to its various types.

Types of Conveyance Deeds in India

A conveyance deed differs depending on the property type and nature of the transaction. Below are some of the common types:

● Deed of Freehold Property:

The deed associated with a freehold property grants the buyer complete authority and rights over the property. Once the transaction is complete, the seller provides this deed as a final legal document, establishing the buyer’s total ownership.

● Deed of Leasehold Property:

Unlike freehold properties, here, the buyer acquires rights to the property but not the land it stands on. Leasehold properties are owned for a predetermined period, after which the ownership reverts to the landlord. Hence, the deed for such properties spells out the terms of limited ownership.

●     विदाई डीड:

Inherited properties often have multiple claimants, and a relinquish deed is issued when co-owners decide to renounce their rights and claims on the property. By doing so, they transfer the rights to another co-owner, with the deed ensuring that the ownership rights are clearly defined, and the transaction is carried out in good faith.

●     Deed Subject to Mortgage:

This conveyance deed allows the owner to have access to the mortgaged property. But it comes without permanent residency rights and limited access to the premises and facilities.

● Gift Deed:

This is used to transfer ownership of a property or assets from one person or entity to another as a gift. This transaction doesn’t include monetary exchange or other considerations and can occur between family members, friends, or other individuals or entities.

Are sale deeds the same as conveyance deeds?

Although used interchangeably, a sale deed and a conveyance deed don’t always mean the same. Think of it this way–all sale deeds are conveyance deeds, not vice versa.

Yes, a deed of conveyance may pertain to property ownership transfer in the form of a mortgage, gift, exchange, lease, etc. On the other hand, a sale deed only applies to the transfer of ownership through a property sale. In a way, a sale deed is a type of a deed of conveyance.

Importance of a Conveyance Deed

Apart from establishing your legal ownership over a property, the conveyance deed also serves additional purposes, including:

  • Proof of Sale: It serves as tangible proof that the property has changed hands from the seller to the buyer, forming a solid basis to resolve any future legal disputes regarding the sale.
  • Protection for the Buyer: This deed provides a safety net, ensuring that you hold the legal right to sell the property and that no undisclosed liens or encumbrances are lurking.
  • Impose Property Rights: In legal disputes, the conveyance deed can be invoked to enforce your property rights, whether the right to use, enjoy, exclude others from, or sell/transfer the property.

Documents Required for Conveyance Deed Registration

Here are the essential documents you need to execute a conveyance deed: 

1. Sale agreement of property: This document records the seller’s commitment to sell the property to the buyer, including the agreed price and terms.

2. Location plan and survey plan: This should be obtained from the revenue department to verify the property’s exact location and dimensions.

3. Structure plan and layout plan: These plans, which depict the building’s structure and layout, must be approved by the relevant authority to confirm compliance with local regulations.

4. Mutation entries/Property card: These entries are found in the revenue records and indicate the transfer of property ownership. This document, also known as a property card, is crucial for establishing ownership history.

5. Certificates such as Completion Certificate, Commencement Certificate, architect certificate, and Occupancy Certificate (exempted if not available),

6. A list of all previous owners

7. Power of attorney or development agreement: This document is required only if the seller executes the deal.

8. Stamp duty registration: If the actual stamp duty registration document is not available, a receipt of the stamp duty fees paid can be accepted as proof.

9. A draft of the conveyance deed: This draft outlines the terms of the property transfer and serves as evidence in case of any disputes regarding the sale, ensuring both parties are protected legally.

Conveyance Deed vs Sale Deed: Key Differences

विशेषताकन्वेयंस डीडसेल डीड
परिभाषाA legal document that transfers property ownership from one party to another, encompassing various types of transfers like gift, exchange, mortgage, or lease.A legal document that specifically transfers ownership of property from the seller to the buyer through a sale.
शामिल पक्षSeller (transferor) and Buyer (transferee).Seller and Buyer.
प्रतिफलIt may or may not involve monetary considerationIt always involves monetary consideration for the property.
टाइटल का ट्रांसफरखरीदार के पास केवल प्रॉपर्टी का उपयोग करने का अधिकार है, लेकिन इसे बेचने का अधिकार नहीं है.The buyer can use or sell the property
बेचने का अधिकारIn this case, the transfer of rights, title, and ownership to the buyer can be temporary.There’s a permanent transfer of rights, title, and ownership to the buyer.

Step-by-Step Conveyance Deed Registration Process in India

कन्वेयंस डीड रजिस्ट्रेशन प्रोसेस का चरण-दर-चरण विवरण यहां दिया गया है:

1. Title Verification:

The first step is verifying the property title and ensuring the seller has the legal right to sell the property. You can opt for the services of a legal professional to scrutinise the title deeds and ascertain no encumbrances or disputes associated with the property.

2. Sale Agreement:

Once the title is clear, you can draft the sale agreement. This agreement between the buyer and the seller outlines the terms and conditions of the transaction, including the sale amount. It serves as the foundation for the conveyance deed.

3. Stamp Duty and Registration Fees:

इसके बाद, आपको डीड की स्टाम्प ड्यूटी और रजिस्ट्रेशन फीस का भुगतान करना होगा. स्टाम्प ड्यूटी सरकार द्वारा लगाया जाने वाला टैक्स है, और इसकी दर एक राज्य से दूसरे राज्य में अलग-अलग हो सकती है. यह घर खरीदने की प्रोसेस का एक अनिवार्य चरण है.

4. Execution and Registration of Conveyance Deed:

After the stamp duty registration, both parties need to sign the deed in the presence of two witnesses, formalising the transfer of ownership on paper. Before signing, ensure the conveyance deed format is correct to avoid any discrepancies in the future.

Lastly, you must register the deed with the Sub-Registrar of Assurances within four months of execution. You must submit the original deed, the necessary documents, and the fee payment.

Legal Implications of Not Having a Conveyance Deed

Not having a proper conveyance deed can lead to serious legal complications. A deed of conveyance is essential for the conveyance of property, as it legally transfers ownership from the seller to the buyer. 

Without it, disputes over property rights can arise, making it difficult to assert ownership or sell the property in the future. Understanding what is a conveyance deed and its implications ensures your investment is secure. In essence, knowing the conveyance deed meaning and obtaining one is crucial to avoid lengthy legal battles and safeguard your property rights.

State-wise Stamp Duty and Registration Charges

Here is the state-wise registration charges are calculated based on either the property’s market value or the agreement value of the property, whichever is higher. Here is the stamp duty levied state-wise:

राज्यस्टाम्प ड्यूटी
अरुणाचल प्रदेश6%
हिमाचल प्रदेश6%
मणिपुर7%
असम5.6%
सिक्किम1%
झारखंड3%
चंडीगढ़5%
ओडिशा3%
छत्तीसगढ5%
बिहार6%
मध्य प्रदेश5%
पंजाब6%
तेलंगाना0.5%
उत्तराखंड5%
राजस्थान6%
पश्चिम बंगाल5%
दिल्ली6%
महाराष्ट्र3%
उत्तर प्रदेश5%
तमिलनाडु7%
केरल2%
गुजरात3/5%

Common Mistakes to Avoid During Conveyance Registration

While registering the conveyance of property, it’s important to be vigilant to avoid unnecessary delays or legal issues. 

Common mistakes include:

  • Incomplete documentation: Ensure the deed of conveyance and all supporting papers are accurate and complete.
  • Ignoring stamp duty rules: Miscalculating or neglecting applicable stamp duty can cause complications during conveyance of property.
  • Not verifying property details: Cross-check ownership, encumbrances, and legal status before registration.
  • Skipping professional advice: Avoid assuming the process is simple; consulting a legal expert can prevent errors.

Conveyance Deed Checklist for Buyers and Sellers

Ensuring a smooth property transfer requires careful attention to the conveyance deed. Buyers and sellers should keep the following in mind:

  • Property Details: Verify the correct address, survey number, and ownership details.
  • Sale Consideration: Confirm the agreed sale price and payment terms.
  • Stamp Duty Payment: Ensure stamp duty on property is correctly calculated and paid.
  • Encumbrance Certificate: Check for any legal liabilities or pending dues on the property.
  • Signatures & Witnesses: Ensure all parties and witnesses sign the deed appropriately.

This checklist helps prevent disputes and ensures a seamless transaction.

लोन के बारे में और जानें

सामान्य प्रश्न

सेल डीड और कन्वेयंस डीड के बीच क्या अंतर है?

सेल डीड विशेष रूप से विक्रेता से खरीदार को कीमत के लिए प्रॉपर्टी के स्वामित्व को ट्रांसफर करता है, जिससे यह एक प्रकार का कन्वेयंस डीड बन जाता है. इसके विपरीत, कन्वेयंस डीड एक व्यापक शब्द है जिसमें सेल्स, गिफ्ट, लीज और मॉरगेज डीड सहित विभिन्न प्रकार के प्रॉपर्टी ट्रांसफर शामिल हैं. अनिवार्य रूप से, सभी सेल डीड कन्वेयंस डीड हैं, लेकिन सभी कन्वेयंस डीड सेल डीड नहीं हैं.

क्या होम लोन के लिए कन्वेयंस डीड आवश्यक है?

टाटा कैपिटल में होम लोन के लिए अप्लाई करते समय, आपको आसान अप्रूवल प्रोसेस के लिए केवल कुछ डॉक्यूमेंट सबमिट करने होंगे. इनमें पहचान का प्रमाण (आधार कार्ड, पासपोर्ट या ड्राइवर लाइसेंस), निवास का प्रमाण (यूटिलिटी बिल या रेंटल एग्रीमेंट) और इनकम का प्रमाण (सैलरी स्लिप, बैंक स्टेटमेंट और इनकम टैक्स रिटर्न) शामिल हैं. इसके अलावा, संबंधित अधिकारियों से सेल्स डीड, प्रॉपर्टी टैक्स रसीद और NOC जैसे प्रॉपर्टी डॉक्यूमेंट की आवश्यकता होती है.

रजिस्ट्री और कन्वेयंस डीड के बीच क्या अंतर है?

कन्वेयंस डीड एक कानूनी डॉक्यूमेंट है जो प्रॉपर्टी के स्वामित्व को एक पक्ष से दूसरे पक्ष में ट्रांसफर करता है. दूसरी ओर, रजिस्ट्री, स्थानीय भूमि या प्रॉपर्टी रजिस्ट्रेशन प्राधिकरण के साथ इस कन्वेयंस डीड को आधिकारिक रूप से रिकॉर्ड करने की प्रक्रिया है. कन्वेयंस डीड के विवरण ट्रांसफर की शर्तें, रजिस्ट्री यह सुनिश्चित करती है कि ट्रांसफर को मान्यता दी जाए और कानूनी रूप से बाध्य किया जाए, जो आधिकारिक लैंड रिकॉर्ड को अपडेट करता है.

प्रॉपर्टी के ट्रांसफर में कन्वेयंस क्या है?

प्रॉपर्टी ट्रांसफर में कन्वेयंस का अर्थ है एक व्यक्ति से दूसरे व्यक्ति में स्वामित्व अधिकारों को ट्रांसफर करने की कानूनी प्रक्रिया. इसमें एक कन्वेयंस डीड निष्पादित करना शामिल है, जो डॉक्यूमेंट ट्रांसफर करता है और इसमें प्रॉपर्टी का विवरण, शामिल पार्टियों और ट्रांसफर की शर्तों जैसे आवश्यक विवरण शामिल होते हैं. यह सुनिश्चित करता है कि नए मालिक के अधिकार कानूनी रूप से मान्यता प्राप्त और सुरक्षित हैं, जो स्वामित्व का स्पष्ट प्रमाण प्रदान करते हैं.

How to Retrieve a Lost Conveyance Deed

Losing a conveyance of property can be stressful, but it’s manageable if you follow these steps:

  • File an FIR: Report the lost deed at your local police station to establish an official record.
  • Publish a Public Notice: Place a notice in a local newspaper declaring the loss of the conveyance deed.
  • Obtain a Certified Copy: Visit the Sub-Registrar’s office where the property was registered to request a certified copy.
  • Apply for a Duplicate: If necessary, complete the legal procedure to get a duplicate conveyance of property.

What are the tax implications of a conveyance deed in India?

A deed of conveyance formalises property transfer. It may attract stamp duty and registration charges, which are eligible for tax benefits under certain conditions in India.

Can a conveyance deed be challenged in court?

Yes, a conveyance of property can be legally challenged in court if there are disputes regarding ownership, fraud, or procedural irregularities during the property transfer process.

How long does conveyance deed registration take?

Conveyance deed registration can take a few weeks, depending on the local Sub-Registrar office, document verification, and completion of all required formalities.

What documents prove conveyance deed authenticity?

To prove a conveyance deed’s authenticity, essential documents include the sale agreement, approved layout and structure plans, property card/mutation entries, previous ownership records, and stamp duty registration receipt.

Is stamp duty refundable if conveyance deed is rejected?

If a conveyance deed is rejected, stamp duty may be refundable depending on the state rules. You usually need to apply for a refund with the relevant authority along with supporting documents.